Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ( Niddm ) - 1502 Words

Since Type I is insulin dependent, the treatment for this specific type is insulin injections when the blood sugar levels in the blood have risen higher than normal. Insulin cannot be taken orally due to the fact that it will be destroyed by the digestive enzymes. Injections through the skin with a syringe or the use of an infusion pump have been shown to be the most effective in administering insulin into the body. The treatment plan for type I will be insulin, along with a healthy diet and exercise to prevent further complications from arising. Type II is similar to Type I but this particular branch is known as a Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), meaning that the production of insulin is not the problem. Patients with type II have an insulin resistance condition, which means that their body has become resistant to the insulin hormone and therefore, the cells in the body do not react to it. When resistance to insulin takes place, the pancreas makes an effort to produce as much insulin as it can, in order to attempt to stimulate the body’s cells, until it can no longer produce sufficient amounts. Once the insulin production has worn out, blood sugar levels in the bloodstream rise and diabetes type II manifests. Insulin levels in the body may be normal but because of the resistance, there is a decrease in sensitivity to liver and muscle cells, and because the insulin cannot penetrate such muscles, it becomes ineffective. Unlike type I, type II can beShow MoreRelatedDiabetes Mellitus As A Chronic Metabolic Disorder Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesChapter - 23 Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that prevents the body to utilise glucose completely or partially. It is characterised by raised glucose concentration in the blood and alterations in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. This can be due to failure in the formation of insulin or liberation or action. Since insulin is produced by the p cells of the islets of Langerhans, any receding in the number of functioning cells will decrease the amount of insulin that canRead MoreEssay on Diabetes Mellitus1447 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes Mellitus Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death listed in the United States. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness. â€Å"In 1996 diabetes contributed to more than 162,000 deaths†(Lewis 1367).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a group of disorders with glucose intolerance in common† (McCance 674). Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar) and results from defective insulin production, secretion, andRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus ( Dm ) Is One Of The Most Prevalent Diseases Affecting The Endocrine System1636 Words   |  7 PagesDiabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases affecting the endocrine system. The incidence of DM in the United States has reached over 29 million citizens (Diabetes Latest, 2014). Of the 29 million, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014) estimate that 1 in 4 are unaware of their condition. DM can be categorized into three different diseases: Type One, Type Two, and Gestational. Types one and two are diagnosed anytime throughout a patient’s life; gestational is DM thatRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Diabetes1390 Wo rds   |  6 PagesFTVN036 Diabetes Mellitus Ms. Evelyn Sadsad August 21, 2015 As America’s 7th leading cause of death, Diabetes is steadily rising as a consequential result to the contagious sedentary lifestyle involving a very poor diet lacking in nutritional value and an increase in sugar or high fructose corn syrup. Many contributing risk factors are prevalent and attribute to the expanding number of the population who acquire diabetes. Signs and symptoms of Type I and Type II diabetes canRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus Is Not A Single Disease1047 Words   |  5 Pagesto inform you, but yes, you do have Diabetes Type 2.† In 2012, 29.1 million Americans, or 9.3% of the population, had diabetes. Of the 29.1 million, 21.0 million were diagnosed, and 8.1 million were undiagnosed. In 1996 diabetes contributed to more than 162,000 deaths(Lewis 1367). According to, well known, diabetes researcher McCance Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a group of disorders with glucose intolerance in common (674). Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterizedRead MoreEssay on Diabetes898 Words   |  4 PagesDiabetes Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs when the body is unable to produce or respond to insulin, a hormone that allows blood glucose to enter the cells of the body and generate the bodys energy (Ebony, 115). Diabetes is a disease that affects approximately 3% of the world population. In American alone, 10.3 million people report having diabetes, while an estimated 10 million more individuals may have undiagnosed diabetes (Morwessel, 540). The gene for diabetes is locatedRead MoreInformative Essay on Diabetes1506 Words   |  7 PagesInformative Essay On Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death listed in the United States. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness. In 1996 diabetes contributed to more than 162,000 deaths(Lewis 1367). Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a group of disorders with glucose intolerance in common (McCance 674). Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar) and results from defective insulin production, secretionRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : The Most Common Disorder Of The Endocrine System957 Words   |  4 PagesDiabetes Mellitus stems from the Greek word diabetes, which means to siphon, or to pass through. Mellitus is Latin for sweet or honeyed. Diabetes Mellitus is the most common disorder of the Endocrine System. The pancreas is an organ behind the stomach that produces a hormone called insulin. When this happens, our liver compensates by increasing glucose production from amino acids and glycogen causing hyperglycemia. There are different types of diabetes; however, this paper strictly focuses on TypeRead MoreType Ii Diabetes Mellitus Among African Americans Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesType II Diabetes Mellitus among African Americans Type II Diabetes Mellitus is an adult-onset diabetes that affects 90% of the diabetes patients. It is when the body does not recognize the insulin being produced by the pancreas, or not enough is produced. Insulin is a hormone that causes different cells to take up glucose for energy. Resistance to insulin causes the build up of glucose in the blood, which causes improper functions of cells and blood circulation, damage to nerves and bloodRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus1804 Words   |  8 Pagesdisorder is Diabetes Mellitus. Most people just know it as diabetes. There are two major classifications of diabetes mellitus; insulin-dependent (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM). IDDM is more commonly known as Type 1 Diabetes, and NIDDM is known as Type 2 Diabetes (EkoeÃŒ , 2008). Type 1 diabetes is the juvenile-onset diabetes that deals with the complete destruction of ÃŽ ²-cells of the pancreas whereas type 2 diabetes is an adult-onset disorder in which individuals suffer from a n insulin deficiency

The Controversial Issue Of Homosexuality - 992 Words

Homosexuality is a very controversial issue that has emerged in our society. Depending on one’s upbringing and mentality, individuals have formed their own personal opinions and have taken sides either to support or to oppose the issue. Homosexuality throughout the years has sparked so much controversy that it was brought to the United States Supreme Court, which is known to be the highest court in America. It is up to the justices of the court to determine how states and society will view and treat homosexuals. Especially considering gay marriage, whether individuals will support or oppose same sex marriage. However, before same-sex marriage was recognized and states legalized it all across the country. Initially the issue of homosexuality gradually escalated, causing states to reconsider and derailed from the fourteenth amendment, which acknowledges equal protection and due process to the laws under the constitution. Some states decided to take action into their own hands by addressing the issue of homosexuality, by banning and refusing to recognize it as a legitimate union. A state in particular, Texas has enacted legislation such as, â€Å"Homosexual Conduct Law† which criminalizes individuals who practice homosexuality. In the case of Lawrence vs Texas, the Supreme Court concluded that this law was unconstitutional and therefore a violation of their fourteenth amendment right, to due process and equal protection under the law. Individuals have taken a standShow MoreRelatedMedia Analysis of a Current Controversial Issue875 Words   |  4 Pages Homosexuality is the current controversial issue that has hit the media. One cannot avoid the topic of homosexuality in the news, movies, books, social media, newspapers, and even in politics. Homosexuality has become a controversial issue around the globe today. After Uganda outlawed homosexuality in its country, the topic has been trending everywhere in the mainstream media, and the social media. Some nations like the US have legalized homosexuality and this is why there has been uproar afterRead MoreThe Debate On Homosexuality And Homosexuality1229 Words   |  5 PagesKirsten Brockhoff Panel Presentation Paper Christian Ethics October 20, 2014 Homosexuality Homosexuality is defined as, the sexual or romantic attraction to members of the same gender. A male who practices homosexuality is known as being gay. The word ‘gay’ did not originally have any connection to a sexual connotation. In fact, the word was originally express feelings of happiness or carefree attitude. It was not until the twentieth century that people used the term gay to indicate a sexual orientationRead MoreWhy There Is Conflict Over The Dsm 51432 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most notably being homosexuality. (DSM-11) There are many reasons why there are conflicts concerning the DSM. The reliability and validity of the DSM has caused concerns. In the DSM, diagnoses are based on the signs and symptoms rather than the cause of mental health problems. People of different cultures also play a part of how diagnoses are made. Drug companies and medical professions play a great role in a person who has a mental health problem. Political issues on sex-related dia gnosesRead MoreWhat is homosexuality? Homosexuality is the romantic or sexual attraction or sexual behavior900 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is homosexuality? Homosexuality is the romantic or sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender. What is same sex marriage? Same sex marriage is marriage between two people of the same sex. The legal recognition of same-sex marriage or the possibility to perform same-sex marriage is called marriage equality or equal marriage. The recognition of same-sex marriage is a political, social, human rights, civil rights, and religious issue in many nations around theRead MoreBanning The Freedom Of The Press897 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough some may consider these books controversial or inappropriate, many English classes have required us to read these books. Like the teachers that assigned us these books, I believe that even controversial books can ultimately boost, not deter, our educational wealth. I oppose book bannin g for three main reasons. First, I believe that education should be open to everyone. Everyone should have an opportunity to read any literature of their choosing and form his or her own opinions based on theRead MoreEssay about Sexual Orientation1077 Words   |  5 PagesSexual Orientation Sexual orientation is considered highly controversial in our world today. There are many issues that society is faced with concerning homosexuality. When thinking of homosexuality most people refer to the Bible for an answer. There is even more controversy within the Bible’s text. Not only is there reference to the Bible, but also to our mind to answer whether or not homosexuality is a moral issue. Psychological and Biological research is searching for an answer to this illustriousRead MoreThe Continual Evolution Of A Complex Concept1045 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinition of good. Society does this in many ways; however, this exploration will narrow its focus to how controversial issues shape the definition of good. Looking back through time, one can clearly reason that controversial issues have definitely influenced the modern perception of good. Take, for example, homosexuality. A few centuries ago, the world did not merely consider homosexuality unacceptable; it was even ille gal in certain countries, such as England (Norton). Now, cultures are rallyingRead MoreThe Debate Over Same Sex Marriage866 Words   |  4 PagesNowadays, nothing seems to â€Å"bottle up† the controversial battles quicker than the major topic of homosexuality in the bible. More specifically, in the New Testament. We can ultimately see how this exceptional, controversial topic is demonstrating a more and more common perplexity to perceive disputation being successful in the defense of homosexuality. If you ask me, everywhere you turn homosexuality is being exerted down our esophagus as being something natural. I get a sense it is a means, whereasRead MoreAmerica s Present Day Civil War Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica’s Present-Day Civil War Introduction: The Foundation of the â€Å"Culture Wars† In America’s Civil War, our nation’s own fought against one another. Despite the Civil War only lasting a few years, there were years upon years of debate over controversial social issues, most notably the topic of slavery, that preceded it. Nonetheless, these opposing sides have been reinvented in present day society in what is known as the â€Å"culture wars.† â€Å"The Culture War is a clash of ideas about what one believes toRead MoreMrs. Dalloway is a complex novel covered only in the matter of one day through which Woolf unravels800 Words   |  4 Pagesof Woolf’s ideas where not lightly talked about. Issues like homosexuality, suicide, and war were not subjects to be discussed openly. The topic of homosexuality in this novel is slightly suggested, however prevalent enough to earn the attention of some critics. Many people such as Elaine Fulton, believe that Miss Kilman— a minor character in the story— is read as a â€Å"lesbian figure with no place in the 1920s.† There are also hints of homosexuality in Clarissa and Septimus as well. â€Å"But all that

Bone Density Equipment free essay sample

This reports presents research findings on the subject of machines that study bone density. A physician office wants to install bone density equipment but is not certain about types of machines to purchase and their price. This report therefore focuses on the available products and expert opinions in connection with that equipment. Cost of the bone density procedures and machines have also been briefly mentioned so that a physician would be able to estimate the possible costs involved and expected increase in revenues. The author of the paper uses graphs and photographs to illustrate certain points. Norland manufactures some of the best products available for bone density measurement. The machines that any physician office would require for this procedure are easily available through this company but let us first mention what machines would be needed for this purpose. It has been noticed that mostly the machines required for this purpose. There are two types of procedures through which bone density can be measured. We will write a custom essay sample on Bone Density Equipment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first one being the DEXA method, which uses x-rays to measure bone density. X ray method is fast and painless and is partly covered by insurance. The other procedure is carried out through CT scan. Both these procedures would study the bone mineral density of patients body and then compare it with a healthy persons bone density to find out if there is any risk of osteoporosis to the person.

Business Law in Canada for Vicarious Liability †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Business Law in Canada Vicarious Liability. Answer: Introduction In order to ensure that clients are protected by businesses, their is the need to ensure that there is a clear structure that has been put in place to guarantee the same. Vicarious liability is one of the doctrines that has been put in place in order to ensure that mistakes that are made by employees while in the course of their duty are placed on the businesses. This ensures that employers are able to manage their employee effectively in order to ensure that no mistakes are realized as a result of the same. Vicarious liability does not expose businesses to too much liability. This is because employers must be able to bear the burden of the problems that they create. In this case therefore, it is essential to understand that as an employer one should be able to bear the responsibility of what should happen to their clients as a result of their employees actions (Nickels et al., 2010). Employees are part of the business and any harm that they cause during their delivery of services, businesses must be able to take the responsibility of the same. One of the arguments that can be adopted in order to try and understand the stand id whereby the employer takes credit for the good deeds of the employee. It is important to understand that whenever a client performs well the business benefits as a result of profits and good reputation that come with the same. Therefore, the same should be applied when employees act in a negligent manner. The employer must understand that by employing a person the y are taking risk and in any case there is any liability that arises as a result of the employees the same should be transferred to them. The other reason as to why vicarious liability should not be viewed as a way of placing too much liability on businesses is the fact that it places incentives to employers during recruitment and training of employees (Yates Clarke, 2002). Employers must be able to ensure that all their employees are trained to the required standards in order to prevent any harm that may be caused by them to clients. In the Tradif v. Wiebe case, the bouncer had not been trained on how to handle clients in case a conflict arose. It is important to note that this was a failure on the managements part which would eventually resonate as a result of events that would later occur. It is important to note that the liability should lie on the hotels management due to the placing their clients at risk of being harmed as a result of the unprofessional behavior by their boun cers. The other reason as to why the pressure placed on businesses as a result of vicarious liability is not too much for them to handle is due to the fact that they have deeper pockets as compared to the employees. Most of the employees just depend on their salaries while the businesses they work for rake in millions in terms of profit. Therefore, in order to ensure that the party that suffers damages is reinstated to their initial position, the employer is at a better position to reimburse the same. It is important to understand that in some situations it is not the employers failure but as a reason to that of the employee (Yates, 2012). Therefore, it is important for the courts to decide in which cases that the liability lays with the employer or rather the employee. In any case the failure is as a result of the employees negligence it is wise that they should pay for the damages themselves. However, if the failure is a result of the employers negligence then it is wise that the same is reimbursed by them. A good case is whereby the management did not train the bouncer on how to handle drunken customers. The hotels management is tasked with ensuring that all its employees are of the highest professional conduct before hiring this in order to ensure that the clients are safe forms any life- threatening situations (Bowal Bontorin, 2014). Therefore the vicarious liability in this case should be transferred to the hotel, since in reference to the evidence presented so far it shows that the hotels management should be held liable of damage caused. It is important to understand that is far as bouncers are concerned they just have the same rights as ordinary citizens (Fudge et al., 2003). Therefore, they should understand that they are not allowed to break thelaw and claim to be undertaking their duties. As far as thelaw goes, bouncers are only required to request one to leave the club in any case they become rowdy. Therefore, in any case the bouncer injures a person, they should be able to suffer the consequences just like any other private citizens. However bouncers can claim self- defense in any case one becomes rowdy and threatens to harm them. It must also be noted that if one breaks thelaw sometimes the employer should not always for their employees criminal acts if they are doing the same for their self- interests. As the court, stated in the case of Tradif v. Wiebe the bouncer was just trying to impress his employer and therefore working outside the mandate of his duties which is to request the customer out and went ahea d to punch him causing injury. Conclusion As it has been noted above, vicarious liability does not place too much liability to businesses. It is essential for employers to ensure that their employees effectively handle their clients in order to minimize any risk that may be imminent. It must also be understood that bouncers do not have equal power to police officers. Therefore, they should not be allowed to harass people while on duty to a point whereby damage is realized. This should be blamed on the employer who should be able to train their employees on how to behave and handle clients. References Nickels, W. G., McHugh, J. M., McHugh, S. M., Cossa, R., Sproule, B. (2010). Understanding Canadian Business.McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto, ON. Yates, R. A. (2012).Legal Fundamentals for Canadian Business. Pearson Education Canada. Fudge, J., Tucker, E., Vosko, L. F. (2003). Employee or Independent Contractor-Charting the Legal Significance of the Distinction in Canada.Canadian Lab. Emp. LJ,10, 193. Yates, R., Bereznicki-Korol, T., Clarke, T. (2002).Businesslaw in Canada. Scarborough, Ont.: Prentice Hall. Tardif v.Wiebe 1996 Carswell B.C. 2438(B.C.S.C.) Bowal, P., Bontorin, L. (2014). Vicarious Liability: The Legal Responsibility of Employers.

Handout Research Methods in Applied Linguistics free essay sample

How did the UK population talk about Mexico between 1970’s and 1993? Corpus analysis of the word ‘Mexico’ in the BNC, also with the word ‘Mexican’ as they are directly related. For this assignment I will use the BNC (found 1531 tokens for ‘Mexico’ and 680 for ‘Mexican’), where I will analyse how the UK talked about Mexico between the 1970’s and 1993. My major area of study is business, and I am interested in finding out how discourse analysis using corpora can be used in Marketing, but particularly in the marketing of Mexico in the UK. The UK is currently in 3rd place, following the United States of America and Canada, of the number of visitors (by air) to Mexico. However, the number of visitors from the UK is only 6% of the number of visitors from the United States of America. The Mexican government is concerned that the image of Mexico overseas is not being marketed well. We will write a custom essay sample on Handout Research Methods in Applied Linguistics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After reading statements from the president of Mexico and articles about the new strategies to promote tourism to Mexico in the UK, there seem to be two main reasons why the tourism from the UK in Mexico has not grown: 1) the media have made people believe that the security situation in Mexico is worse than it actually is and 2) the distance and the costs of travelling to Mexico are too high. Looking at the statistics from 2008 to date, the number of visitors has not changed dramatically so I wonder if perhaps is not the distance and is not the way Mexico is marketed in the UK currently, but the way Britons have had Mexico portrayed to them throughout their lives (if we talk about the adults of today and the generation before them). So, with this research, I aim to find out if the image of Mexico that we are shown in the Media today in Britain is something new or if it is the image that has been present in the UK since the 1970’s. This type of analysis, and perhaps in a bigger scale, could be used to promote and market Mexico in the UK as it would show how people talk about the country and this will give the government a real idea of what needs to be changed and how they can create better marketing with the purpose of increasing the number of visitors from the UK in Mexico and potentially from other countries in Europe. Reading list: Using Corpora in Discourse Analysis (Baker, 2006) Exploring Corpus Linguistics: Language in Action (Cheng, 2012) Discourse Analysis: A resource book for students (Rodney H. Jones, 2012) Secretaria de Turismo (SECTUR), Web Site www. sectur. gob. mx Consejo de Promocion Turistica de Mexico’ (CPTM), Web Site. www. cptm. com. mx Sistema Integral de Informacion de Mercados Turisticos (SIIMT), Web Site. www. siimt. com El porvernir (2011; accessed 20120) Web Site| | | | | | | | | | | www. elporvenir. mx

Evolution of the Internet essays

Evolution of the Internet essays In 1957, after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, President Dwight D. Eisenhower introduced the Advanced Research Projects Agency, or ARPA. Soon after, Dr. J.C.R. Licklider of MIT wrote the first recorded description of the social interactions that could be enabled through networking.1 This idea of networking was tossed around at MIT, UCLA, and at the RAND Corporation, which eventually led to ARPANET. Thanks to Lickliders expertise, he soon integrated ARPA from military use to private universities. From the early days back in the 60s, till the present, the Internet as we know it has been ever changing, ever since. Initially, the internet had only 4 nodes, or hosts. As of January 2002, there were 147, 344, 723 hosts.2 In 1991, Father of the Internet, Timothy Berners Lee, and other researchers at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics made it possible to connect content throughout these networks using hypertext links. Prior to the Web, local dial-up networks could be accessed for free which were known as bulletin boards, or in computer lingo, BBS. Area residents could now engage in chat, play games, post messages, and view very basic web pages with other local residents. Bulletin Boards are often mistaken as the Internet. Bulletin Boards were simply an early form of using a computers modem to dial-up other local bulletin boards. Much like the constant changing Internet, bulletin boards soon became forgotten history. From the early to mid nineties, the Internet has literally soared. In just June of 1993 there were merely 130 web sites; by 1994, there were 3,000. Presently, there are millions of web sites on the Internet. These web sites are categorized into domains based on the nature of their content. .com, .net, .edu, .mil, .org, and .int are the three level domains that are currently in use. We may soon se ...

Explicating two poems - compare and contrast Essay

Explicating two poems - compare and contrast - Essay Example The two poems are on the subject of childhood with reference to the innocence that is conceded by children in their very hearts as well as wholesomeness of their passions or zeal. The poems moreover depict childhood of the poets and how they experience evocative feelings concerning the preeminent time of their lives which had enormous possibilities but which have become precedent already. Mutually, the poems characterize delight and recollections of childhood. The disparity between these two poems is that Mitchell’s poem is incredibly optimistic, has its core focus on celebrating children. Riley’s poem, on the other hand, upholds its concern on the poet’s own childhood experience. Mitchell’s poem; â€Å"The Love will Start with a Word about Children† encompass straightforward words that illustrate that children have continual potentials as pure and innocent beings. Mitchell articulates her outlook as regards small kids in a reasonably incredible approach. She has used simple defined word, which is continent, to symbolically stand for children. She considers that just like a continent can have many nations and look forward to a lot of development in its life, the children also have endless possibilities in life. We on no account know what a child will be able to explore. She has especially and confidently expressed the responsibility of parents in helping their kids to explore the world. They get to be ac quainted with themselves and their roots through their parents. She believes that after some time, these children will grow up and will advance or promote matching acquaintance and aptitude to their children. Riley in â€Å"The Child-World† has conferred the world of children according to his personal experience. The poet has given the impression of his own home, his street and Indiana of his own childhood. In addition he argues

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 23

Business - Essay Example It is vital for tracking supply components and management’s communication to workers. Another prominent way in which workers may utilize tablets or smart phones regards the system of instant messaging. It was previously regarded as personal. However, it proves as a fast and a cost-effective way of communicating. As regards to this system, managers and fellow workers can be aware of the workers that are assigned at their desks. It proves as an effective way of attaining crucial and fast information. There are two security concerns that a business may have with employees that communicate outside a network. A crucial concern pertains to the issue of confidentiality (Salomon, 2003). This regards the concept whether information is available to the right entities’ or owners. An example regards the aspect of a credit card transaction. Such information should only be available to the buyer and seller. In this aspect, credit cards require encryption in order that it remains inaccessible to other networks and others individuals. Another critical issue concerns with the aspect of data integrity (Salomon, 2003). In data integrity, the same should not be modified in an undetectable way. The breach of integrity occurs when another force modifies data during its transit. Users can attain harm on the breach of data. This regards the alteration of personal information that may implicate an individual fraud or

Planet feedback Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Planet feedback Assignment - Essay Example For example, in the top five comments, the trending is associated with faulty products and customer value. Customers could actually forward these concerns to customer service department, especially that all of them are actually negative comments about the products and services Dell offered to its prospective and potential customers. In the case of some concerns about faulty products, based on the top five letters, a customer tries to bring the topic about defective product that is cheaply made and comment on expensive repair for it. As a result, the customer has come to decide buying another brand in the future. At the last part of the letter, the customer tries to recommend and address it to the company not to make their products so cheap and even to apply them better warranty. The customer also has a preconceived idea, those products that are cheap and with no better warranty must have come from China or made in there. This is a negative feedback on the part of Dell and remarkably needs serious response on the part of the management. The mentioned concern of this specific customer possibly threatens the kind of image Dell would create in the market. This would eventually try to make possible customer erosion or even loss of chance of purchase on Dell’s product offerings from those who are still searchi ng for the best brand. They are the ones most likely looking for the best brand feedback as they would want to maximize the value for their money. So this is actually the next concern of the other letter sent to Dell at Planetfeedback. Another customer expresses bad experience with Dell products. This customer seems to have high level of loyalty for Dell brands from the start. This customer used to patronize Dell’s offerings for four years, but not until having bad purchase with defective product. This fails the customer’s expectation, leaving the idea it is not worth to buy products from Dell again. The bottom line of this

Interaction of Light with Sound in a Crystalline Structure

Interaction of Light with Sound in a Crystalline Structure Lewis Allison Abstract The effects of altering the angle of incidence acoustic intensity were investigated using a lead molybdate crystal with a Piezo-electric transducer attached. A HeNe laser was used as a light source for the investigation. The angle of diffraction at which the first order beam was found to be 0.027 Rad  ± 0.009 Rad the acoustic intensity in the crystal at 140MHz was 14.3104 W m-2  ± 2.9104 W m-2. Introduction The interaction between of light sound has been observed investigated since ancient Greece. However, Leon Brillion a French-American physicist, was first to predict diffraction of light by sound in 1922(1). Bragg’s angle is given by the Bragg’s law(2-4) explains the scattering of electromagnetic waves both coherently incoherently through a crystalline structure. In this investigation the sound waves propagating through the lead molydbate(8) crystal change the refractive index. A photon at one instance may experience, for instance a refractive index of 2.3, where as a photon a moment later will experience a different refractive index from atoms in the crystal being displaced by the pressure of the sound wave(9). This means the photons will be travelling at different speeds through the medium, so when it emerges the beams of light then interact interfere with each other. This creates the maxima minima from the constructive deconstructive interference. Bragg’ s Law(4-7) describes the condition at which the constructive interference takes place. The source of the sound waves which propagate through the crystal is a Piezo-electric transducer. 140Mhz was applied to the transducer by the RF Driver which can alternate the magnitude of the sound wave produced. The transducer was mounted on a rotational stage allowing the effects of transmitted light intensity when the angle of incidence of the light onto the modulator crystal was altered. A HeNe laser was used in the experiment as the light source. A viewing screen was used, so the diffraction characteristics could be seen a metre rule was used to measure the distsance from the acousto-optic modulator to the viewing screen photo detector. Method Fig.1 shows the setup of the experiment. The position, on the optical axis, of both the lens aperture acousto-optic modulator with the rotation stage was unchanged throughout the investigation. A) Familiarisation with RF Driver Acousto-optic Modulator The Laser was switched on, as well as the RF driver, photo detector digital mulitmeter. The Bragg modulator rotational stage controls were familiarized with. The viewing screen was placed 50cm from the front of the acousto-optic modulator. The control of the RF Driver rotational stage were then altered the effects noted. B) Measurement of the Bragg angle The viewing screen from part A) was placed, so that the centre of the screen was at the centre of the zero order beam. The rotational stage was then rotated until the 1st order beams were both at their brightest. Each millimeter on the micrometer was found to be 1.69 ° change in angle. The number of squares was then measured from the right edge of the Zero order beam to the right edge of the right 1st order beam the right edge of the left 1st order beam. This gave the Bragg angle by using simple trigonometry. Then the answer was compared to the analytically found value. The following equation shows Sell’s law applied to the incident beam show how the light will be diffracted by the medium; Where Λ is the acoustic wavelength, ÃŽËœ is the angle from the conversion from the micrometer reading ÃŽ »/n the optical path length through the material, n being the Refractive index ÃŽ » being the wavelength of the laser light. The acoustic wavelength can be found by using the e lectronic frequency the speed of sound in the material, Lead Molybdate being 3750 m/s. Approximating for small angles, Equ.1 can be written as; Rafraction will occur at the crystal faces, allowing this gives the Bragg angle; .Where ÃŽ » was taken as 632.9nm laser light. Part C) Investigating the intensity of diffracted light with changing acousto-optic modulator angle The Photo detector was placed 50cm from the base of the modulator. It was aligned so the zero order maximum was entering the ‘Slow detector’ input the iris on the front of the photo detector was adjusted so that the full beam width could enter the detector no more. The slow detector output was then hooked up to the digital multimeter. The viewing screen was then placed to block infront of the acousto-optic modulator to block the laser light the multimeter reading was taken to give the ambient light or 0% reading. The laser light was then allowed to hit the photo detector, with no power applied from the RF drive to the modulator the reading was taken from the multimeter. This gave the full 100% intensity reading. The value of RF drive power that gave the minimum zero order reading was then found the RF power was then set at that value for the rest of the experiment. Th e modulator angle was set at 5.5mm the output power was recorded. Steps of 0.05mm were then taken the output power at each value was recorded. This was then repeated with the right first order beam, with the same start point increments. The values on the micrometer were then converted to angles in degrees the output power values were converted to percentages of the zero order maximum value. The Acoustic Intensity was then found using the equation; Where, Iac is the acoustic intensity, ÃŽ » is the laser light wavelength (632.8nm), L is the beam width (approximately 15mm) Pdif Pinc are the light power diffracted incident light power respectively. D) The Apparatus remained in the same setup as before. The Transistor-Transistor-Logic Gate (TTL) was then turned on. A square wave with an initial frequency was set. This causes the power into the RF driver to alternate between the manually set option on the knob completely off has a rise fall time of 50ns. The modulator was set to maximize the 1st order beam the angle was set to 5mm on the micrometer (8.45 °). The photo detector (still 50cm from the base of the modulator) was connected to the oscilloscope. The input from the TTL was also connected to the oscilloscope the signal from both the input TTL photo detector were shown. The photo detector was 1st placed in alignment with e zero order wave the result was recorded. The photo detector was then placed on the right hand side 1s order beam the resulting signals were recorded. The frequency was then increased to find at what value the signal was still modulated. Results Part A)It was found that increasing the RF drive power caused 1st order beams to appear a futher increase caused 2nd order beams to appear. Rotating the platform, from no rotation, 0mm on the micrometer, caused the 2nd order beam to dim disappear on the left hand side of the zero order maxima. The 1st order on the left hand side became brighter, then dimmed as the micrometer reading was increased. The zero order beam started dim, but as the micrometer reading was increased the acousto-optic modulator on the rotational stage became orthogonal to the viewing screen the beam became brighter. As the acousto-optic modulator moved past being orthogonal, the zero order dimmed the 1st order beam on the right hand side became brighter the 2nd order beam on the right hand side appeared. Part B) The angle between the right hand 1st order the zero order beam was found to be 0.0260 Rad  ± 0.009 Rad. The left hand 1st order beam was found to have 0.0280 Rad  ± 0.009 Rad angle between its elf the zero order beam. The theoretical Bragg angle was found to be 0.0118 Rad, taking the the spped sound in Lead Molybdate to be 3750 the electrical frequency to be 140MHz. Part C) Fig.2 shows the results for the part of the experiment Using the graph Equ.5, the Acoustic intensity was found to be 14.3 x 104 W m-2  ± 2.9 x 104 W m-2. Part D) the following figure shows the results from the zero order beam 1st order beam against the TTL input signal; Fig.3 shows the signal from the photo detector on channel 1, with the TTL square wave on channel 2. This figure shows the waves are in phase (the larger wave being from the TTL, the slightly hazier signal being from the photo detector) Fig.4 shows the signal from the photo detector on channel 1 again the TTL signal is on channel 2, showing this time the signals are out of phase. The delay between the zero order beam beam the TTL signal fluctuating between the zero 1 state was found to be 140nS  ± 10nS. As the pulse generator frequency was increased the beam was found to change to not resemble the TTL input signal. The maximum value where the beam was still modulated was found to be 110MHz  ± 10MHz. Discussion The experiments in this investigation were relatively easy to set up after some familiarsation took place. The control on the RF driver was a knob that had no indication of what magnitude the dial was set at, so it was difficult to identify if the setting had changed during readings being taken. In part A) it was fairly difficult to establish the edge of the zero order 1st order beams on the viewing screen. The laser itself was found not to give a stable reading, which made parts C) D) difficult. The reading from the laser on the multimeter fluctuated by roughly 10mV for each reading taken in part C). A larger amount of error was introduced by the instability of the laser, however if the investigation was to be repeated more measurements could be taken averages for values would give a clearer relationship. When the RF driver power was set to give the minimum zero order value, the 2nd order maxima were not visible. They gave readings witch fluctuated to the 0% reading or reading fo r the ambient light. This meant only the 1st order maxima could be investigated. Experimental judgments throughout this investigation cause error. Conclusion Through analysis, the angle at which the light diverged from the zero order maxima should be 0.012 Rad. It was found on this experiment that the first order maxima diverged from the acoustically modulated crystal at an angle of 0.027 Rad  ± 0.009 Rad. Through further investigation the 1st order maxima was found to be Ï€ Rad out of phase with the zero order beam. The acoustic intensity in experienced in the crystal was found to be 14 x 104 W m-2  ± 2.9 x 104 W m-2. References Leon Brillouin,Ann. Phys.(Paris) 17, 88 (1922). John M. Cowley (1975)Diffraction physics(North-Holland, Amsterdam)ISBN 0-444-10791-6 H. Eklund, A. Roos, S. T. Eng. Rotation of laser beam polarization in acousto-optic devices.Optical and Quantum Electronics. 1975;7(2):73–79.doi:10.1007/BF00631587 R.Y.Chiao, C.H.Townes and B.P.Stoicheff, Stimulated Brillouin scattering and coherent generation of intense hypersonic waves,Phys. Rev. Lett.,12, 592 (1964) Carl. R. Nave.Braggs Law. HyperPhysics, Georgia State University. Retrieved 2008-07-19 Bragg, W.L. (1913). The Diffraction of Short Electromagnetic Waves by a Crystal.Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society17: 43–57. F.L. Liu, P.St.J. Russell, L.Dong, Acousto-optic modulator using a fibre Bragg Grating, Optoelectronics Res. Cen., University of Southampton G. A. Coquin, D. A. Pinnow, A. W. Warner, Physical Properties of Lead Molybdate Relevant to Acousto-Optic Device Applications, J. App. Phy. A 6, Vol 42 (May 1971) A.Rosencwaig, A. Gersho, Theory of the Photoacoustic Effect with Solids, Journal of Applied Physics, 47(1), 64-69 (1976) A. Yarvin, P. Yen, â€Å"Wave Propagation in Periodic Media† in Optical electronics in modern communication, (Oxford 2007), pp. 539-82

Complexities of Dr. Martin Luther King Essay -- Civil Rights

Martin Luther King, Jr.’s impact on the civil rights movement was nothing short of monumental. To say anything less may be considered sacrilege in the history of the United States. King’s liberal and Christian upbringing, comfortable and educated childhood, and his theological education all played a large part in his contributions to civil rights in America. Perhaps one of his most sustained acts was his ability to represent the plight of African American rights while simultaneously portraying a palatable character to White America. In addition to leading various civil disobedience campaigns, he served as the movement’s main â€Å"strategist, theorist, and symbol maker† while also becoming the â€Å"movement’s chief interpreter to white Americans.† Stewart Burns actually goes so far as to suggest King, early on, realized his destiny was to be both a black Moses, delivering his brothers from the injustice of Jim Crow, as well as a Christ-like figure, offering equal measures of love, compassion, and forgiveness. This of course caused him to be disliked and criticized amongst some of the more nationalist and militant black leaders of the time, but inversely, allowed many Americans to sympathize with the movement’s main goals. Perhaps one of the best pieces of evidence showing King’s ideology is found in his â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† written in April of 1963. In it, King writes a response to other black civil rights leaders. He responds to the consensus that his current activities may be â€Å"unwise and untimely.† King rebukes this sentiment, outlining many important tenets of his belief structure, including the connection between all human beings, his non-violent civil disobedience strategies, his extremist love, and most import... ...Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration. University Of Chicago Press, 1991. Howard-Pitney, David. Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and the Civil Rights Struggle of the 1950s and 1960s: A Brief History with Documents. First ed. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2004. Kennedy, Randall. â€Å"Martin Luther King’s Constitution: A Legal History of the Montgomery Bus Boycott.† Yale Law Journal 98 (1989 1988): 999. King, Jr., Dr. Martin Luther. â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail.† Martin Luther King Jr. Online, April 16, 1963. http://www.mlkonline.net/jail.html. Mikelson, Thomas J. S. â€Å"Cosmic Companionship: The Place of God in the Moral Reasoning of Martin Luther King, Jr.† The Journal of Religious Ethics 18, no. 2 (October 1, 1990): 1-14. Sturm, Douglas. â€Å"Martin Luther King, Jr., as Democratic Socialist.† The Journal of Religious Ethics 18, no. 2 (October 1, 1990): 79-105.

A New Kind of Structure

1. Describe the structural problems HP had. When Mark Hurd assumed his new role as CEO of HP, he soon realized that many of the company’s structural problems were related to the fact that eleven layers of management separated him from HP’s customers. Top corporate customers of the company told him that they did not know whom to contact at HP to respond to their questions. HP’s head of corporate technology said that she had to wait three months to secure approval to hire 100 sales specialists.Moreover, HP’s salespeople were able to spend only about one-third of the time with customers; the remainder of their workday was spent in negotiating the bureaucracy inside of HP. 2. How did Mark Hurd decide to address his company’s structural problems? What do you think of his changes? How do you think the company’s customers responded to these changes? How about the company’s executives and sales force? In attempting to remedy the structural pro blems at his company, Mark Hurd first terminated the employment of underperformers and eliminated three layers of sales management.He also eliminated one sales group and merged those sales representatives into the remaining sales groups. Company executives and members of the sales force are likely pleased that the increased efficiency in the organization enables them to make decisions more quickly and to spend more time interacting with customers. Customers must be more satisfied to see that their needs and concerns are being met more effectively and efficiently. 3. Would a more mechanistic or a more organic structure be appropriate for HP? Why?Considering the rapidly changing nature of the products, and particularly the services, offered by HP, the appropriate structure for this company would have many characteristics of an organic structure. Changing times and intense competition within its industry require that HP be quickly responsive and proactive in its corporate strategy; an organic structure would be more conducive to this type of strategy. 4. What role do you think organizational structure plays in an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness?Explain. Organizational structure plays a key role in enabling a company to function smoothly, to remain responsive to its internal and external stakeholders, and to adapt to changes in the marketplace. Innovation is facilitated by fewer layers of management, and students have already learned that the survival and success of a company is usually dependent upon its ability to function as a learning organization that promotes innovation.

8 Ways a Scene List Can Make Writing Your Novel Easier

8 Ways a Scene List Can Make Writing Your Novel Easier There are as many ways to write a book as there are authors who have written them. Some writers dont outline at all, while others extensively outline a book project before writing the first page. Some plan chapters by outline their novels on the wall of their office (William Faulkner, were looking at you!), while others like J.K. Rowling compose an extensive scene list like the one were going to discuss in this article.A rudimentary scene list handwritten by J.K. Rowling and used to write the fifth Harry Potter novel, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.1. A scene list is your novel in Excel spreadsheet formThe easiest way to think of a scene list is to think of it as a detailed outline of your novel in spreadsheet format. Obviously, this can be done by hand (as J.K. Rowling proves) but a much easier way to make it happen is on an Excel spreadsheet.2. A scene list ensures your novel contains necessary elementsThis worksheet for writers, provided by author Jami Gold, is a great resource to help you determine the exact elements needed for each scene to write a well-written novel. As a summary of the worksheet, he notes:Your scene should include at least one of these essential elements:A plot pointA characters goalAction to advance the plotAction to increase the tensionScenes should also reveal at least two of the following important elements:Character developmentA cause of character conflictAn effect of character conflictHow stakes are raisedA reinforcement of the stakesCharacter motivationScenes can also reveal these bonus elements:Character backstoryWorld buildingThe storys tone or moodStory themeForeshadowingAs you are creating your scene list on an Excel spreadsheet, keep these essential, important, and bonus elements in mind for the columns. Doing so will help ensure that each scene you write has the necessary elements needed to keep the plot moving forward the way it should. A scene that is written that doesnt contain any essential or important elemen ts is also a scene that can be considered for cutting when revising the rough draft into a final draft.3. A scene list is easier to keep track of than post-it notesThe elements involved in a scene list are likely portions of your novels outline that youve already reproduced on post-it notes, index cards, or a similar variation. In fact, this article published by the WriteOnSisters, speaks of the Wall of Sticky Notes used in the process of screenwriting- a process very similar to novel writing. Its based on Blake Snyders Save the Cat series- a series Ive mentioned often in my articles on plot structure- and helps writers determine the basic beats of the story (aka, the action points of the plot).Some of the important elements that should be included on your scene list, and suggested columns are:Column 1: The number of the scene within the overall outlineColumn 2: The name and/or brief summary of the sceneColumn 3: POVColumn 4: The date of the scene within the storyColumn 5: The setti ng(s) in which the scene will take placeColumn 6: Plot of sceneColumn 7: Characters motivationColumn 8: Costume images/ideasColumn 9: Prop images/ideasColumn 10: Scene elements, as detailed in point #2. (NOTE: For a more detailed scene list, each element in point #2 can have its own column, which is checked according to the purpose the scene serves for easy identification.)Column 11: Proposed word countColumn 12: Actual word count4. A scene list keeps track of POV when your novel contains severalMany modern bestsellers (Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn and The Girl On the Train by Paula Hawkins) take advantage of multiple points of view (POV) to keep the reader guessing the truth until the very end. Its a modern, fascinating method of storytelling but one that requires careful planning on the part of the author to ensure that all narratives meet at a certain point and all perspectives make logical sense throughout the course of the narrative.Using a scene list to keep track with the multi ple points of view and the story arc that each encounters throughout chapters is an easy way to ensure that each POV achieves what it should achieve- namely, plot progression or character building.5. A scene list allows you to organize images and ideas for props, costume, setting, etc.One benefit of software (e.g., spreadsheet software such as Excel) is its ability to hold multiple media related to a scene. For example, when you find a particular costume online as a .JPEG or .PNG file, you can easily upload it into a spreadsheet column for future reference. Granted- in past times, the same thing was accomplished by printing out the costume image or cutting it from a magazine and pasting it to a physical sheet of paper (or wall, as in Faulkners case). However, technology has made it so much easier for writers to copy and paste various media- whether an image file, song file, or text file- and place it into a spreadsheet for easy viewing and cataloging. These types of media can all be included in your scene list spreadsheet with simply copying and pasting a digital file.6. A scene list will keep you on track with your writing goalsOne column of your scene list spreadsheet should be reserved for an editorial calendar. Just as Faulkner wrote the various days tasks on the walls of his study, you can also create a writing calendar for your novel- all without damaging paint and your homes interior.To stay on a certain schedule when writing your book, we suggest creating a column that represents a timeline for writing your novel. For some writers, this column could be a daily column (e.g., Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc.). For others, this could be a weekly or monthly column- really, it depends on how often you write and the timeline you are giving yourself for getting your novel finished.In either case, think of a scene list as a timeline for both you and your characters to reach the end of the novel-writing process. Once you determine the exact scenes that are need ed from beginning to end in your book, divide them up over the timespan youre giving yourself to complete writing it.Your scene list can be a timeline to help you finish your novel based on your calendar and writing goals. Photo by Suhyeon Choi on Unsplash.7. A scene list will help when its time to edit your novelIn the often-troubling, definitely stressful time of editing your rough draft, a scene list will help you view your novel with an eagle-eye viewpoint to determine what- if anything- can and should be cut. In essence, here is a list of the necessary scenes your novel should contain, as noted by Shawn Coyne of Story Grid:The inciting incident at the beginning of your story.The inciting incident at the middle of your story.The inciting incident at the end of your story.A scene that progressively complicates the beginning of your story.A scene that progressively complicates the middle of your story.A scene that progressively complicates the end of your story.A scene that create s a crisis question at the beginning of your story.A scene that creates a crisis question in the middle of your story.A scene that creates a crisis question at the end of your story.A scene that climaxes the beginning of your story.A scene that climaxes the middle of your story.A scene that climaxes the end of your story.A scene that resolves the beginning of your story.A scene that resolves the middle of your story.A scene that resolves the end of your story.8. A scene list ensures that all chapters are relevantIn his TedTalk titled, How to Write Your Novel in Under 20 Minutes, author Simon Van Booy, winner of the 2009 Frank OConnor International Short Story Award, discusses the often-painstaking process of removing irrelevant chapters- otherwise known as chapters that dont advance the plot, characterization, or worldbuilding efforts of your writing:Write each scene, write each chapter†¦. put them together and theres your novel. After a year of rewriting, youve got a first dra ft, congratulations. If you can take away a pearl and it stays intact, congratulations, youve found a superfluous chapter. If you take away a chapter, take away a pearl, and the rest of the string collapses and chapters are everywhere†¦. its good, because every chapter needs to drive the narrative forward†¦and then what do you do? You just keep rewriting until you stop changing things.Simon Van BooyCreating a scene list will help identify these superfluous chapters early in the editing phase, helping you to remove any portions of your novel that dont serve a purpose in advancing the narrative, characterization, or worldbuilding.Final thoughtsNow that you understand the basics of a scene list and how it can help you develop your novel, explore the idea and adapt it to your writing however best fits your style. If youre the type of writer that needs to plan everything out in detail before putting pen to the page (or fingers to the keyboard), you can add to the columns as muc h as needed to help you envision each scene and how it moves the plot forward. Or, if youre more of a fly by the seat of your pants type of writer, you can use fewer columns but still reap the benefits of a scene list in each draft and editing stage of your work.

The History of Ultrasound in Medicine

The History of Ultrasound in Medicine Ultrasound refers to sound waves above the human range of hearing, 20,000 or more vibrations per second. Ultrasonic devices are used for measuring distance and detecting objects, but it’s in the realm of medical imaging that most people are familiar with ultrasound. Ultrasonography, or diagnostic sonography, is used to visualize structures inside the human body, from bones to organs, tendons, and blood vessels, as well as the fetus in a pregnant woman.   Ultrasound was developed by Dr. George Ludwig at the Naval Medical Research Institute in the late 1940s. The physicist John Wild is known as the father of medical ultrasound for imaging tissue in 1949. In addition, Dr. Karl Theodore Dussik of Austria published the first paper on medical ultrasonics in 1942, based on his research on transmission ultrasound investigation of the brain; and Professor Ian Donald of Scotland developed practical technology and applications for ultrasound in the 1950s. How It Works   Ultrasound is used in a large array of imaging tools. A transducer gives off the sound waves that are reflected back from organs and tissues, allowing a picture of what is inside the body to be drawn on a screen.   The transducer produces sound waves from 1 to 18 megahertz. The transducer is often used with a conductive gel to enable the sound to be transmitted into the body. The sound waves are reflected by internal structures in the body and hit the transducer in return. These vibrations are then translated by the ultrasound machine and transformed into an image. The depth and strength of the echo determine the size and shapes of the image. Obstetric Ultrasound Ultrasound can be very useful during pregnancy. Ultrasound can determine the gestational age of the fetus, its proper location in the womb, detect ​the fetal heartbeat, determine multiple pregnancies, and can determine the sex of the fetus. While ultrasonic imaging can change temperature and pressure in the body, there is little indication of harm to the fetus or mother through imaging. Nonetheless, American and European medical bodies urge ultrasonic imaging to be performed only when medically necessary.

Nursing Contribution to Patient Recovery from Anesthesia Essay

Nursing Contribution to Patient Recovery from Anesthesia - Essay Example According to the report  general anesthesia is known to significantly affect the behavioral responses of individuals which are considered as imperative in normal thermoregulation such as shivering or vasoconstriction. This occurs due to the combination of drugs administered during anesthesia which affects the anaesthetized patients by hampering their ability to respond to the degree or extent of pain suffered by them. Pain assessment tools are particularly useful in cases of assessing the extent and degree of pain in highly complicated and chronic illnesses such as cancer. Poorly managed pain attracts the risk of legal action among clinicians and results in a series of psychological responses such as anxiety and depression among the patients and their families. Pain is reportedly inadequately managed and continues to be so in various hospitals across the U.S.  From this study it is clear that  the patients, who care still under the influence of anesthesia and under recovery, ar e required to be transferred to the post anesthesia care unit, more popularly referred to as the PACU. The nurses in charge of the patients are required to review all the vital information related to the patients and conduct an immediate assessment. The patients are expected to be cared for by the nurses until they have completely recovered from the effects of anesthesia and their health is stabilized as is indicated by the effective resumption of their sensory functions and vital signs.... As per the post operation instructions, the anesthetist handed over the drugs used in theatre and then the scrub nurse briefed me on the progress of Ben. General anesthesia is known to significantly affect the behavioral responses of individuals which are considered as imperative in normal thermoregulation such as shivering or vasoconstriction. This occurs due to the combination of drugs administered during anesthesia which affects the anaesthetized patients by hampering their ability to respond to the degree or extent of pain suffered by them (Woodhead and Wicker, 2005). Pain assessment tools are particularly useful in cases of assessing the extent and degree of pain in highly complicated and chronic illnesses such as cancer (Breivik et al, 2008). Poorly managed pain attracts the risk of legal action among clinicians and results in a series of psychological responses such as anxiety and depression among the patients and their families. Pain is reportedly inadequately managed and con tinues to be so in various hospitals across the U.S. The under treatment of pain is one of the key concerns among the healthcare providers. Statistics suggest that almost eighty per cent of surgical patients in the U.S. reported to have experienced varying degrees of pain, ranging from moderate to severe, post surgery. This included patients of chronic illnesses such as cancer as well as elderly patients (Hughes, 2008). From the response that Ben provided, I inferred that he had only minimal pain. This is because Ben provided scores of zero to 3 and not more than that. I went ahead and performed a comprehensive examination using the ABCDE approach. The second goal is to disintegrate as much as possible the otherwise complex

Human Transport System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Transport System - Essay Example The atria and ventricle are separated by auricoventricular septum with a aperture guarded by three flaps called as tricuspid valve which prevents back flow of blood from right ventricle to right atria when right ventricle contracts. The opening of pulmary artery is also guarded by semi lunar valves to prevent the back flow of blood from pulmonary artery to right ventricle when it contracts. Thus right side of the heart receives venous blood from all parts of the body and pumps it to lungs for oxygenation. The left side of the heart also comprises of two chambers iii) upper left thin walled atria which receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through pulmonary veins and pumps to iv) lower left ventricle in turn opens to aorta to distribute to all parts of the body. Here again the atrioventricular septum separates upper and lower left atria and the ventricle with an aperture guarded by two flaps called the 'bicuspid valve' and the opening of aorta is guarded by 'aortic valve'. The superior vena cava collecting the deoxygenated blood from upper torso and head and Inferior venacava collecting from the lower torso and legs feeds the right atrium. The right atrium on contraction pours to right ventricle. The right chambers are small compared to left chambers as they carry blood to lungs of about a short distance. From the right ventricle pulmonary artery carries the deoxygenated blood to lungs for reoxygenation. After reoxygenation from lungs the blood is carried through pulmonary vein to left atrium which on contraction pumps to left ventricle. When the left ventricle if full the left atrium contracts pumping the blood in the left ventricle into the aorta which then distributes to entire body by means of small arteries arterioles and capillaries. Types of circulation I) Coronary circulation: Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood through the tissues of the heart for its own nourishment. The two coronary arteries branch from aorta and further branch themselves into smaller arteries capable enough to penetrate the cardiac muscles. II) Pulmonary circulation: The deoxygenated blood in right atrium is pumped to right ventricle and from there to lungs for reoxygenation and back from lungs to left atrium and subsequently to left ventricle is known as pulmonary circulation. III) Systemic circulation: the reoxygenated blood collected from lungs leaves the heart through the main artery-aorta. Aorta supplies the reoxygenated blood to all parts of the body through network of smaller arteries and capillaries. Again after the exchange of oxygen and metabolites it is collected from the capillaries of venous system and directed to the right atrium through two vena cavae. This phase is systemic circulation. During systemic circulation blood passes through kidneys for waste removal known as 'renal circulation' phase and also through small intestine known and 'portal circulation' phase. Structure and functions of the blood vessels Anatomically all blood vessels are made up of three layers i) inner -tunica intima. It is made up of flat endothelial cells resting on a layer of connective tissue with

Local Government Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Local Government - Research Paper Example Both the City and the Council view that the devolution of decision-making process would make the councilors to perform at their most effective level. The devolution would help the councilors to promote high-quality customer-focused local services, and through the commission, they ensure that resources are adequate and available to local authorities.The devolution of authority established as part of government reform causes the bureaucracy system of traditional paternal governance to become entrepreneurial governance or a mercantilist government and it is plaguing the country even the countries all over the world. Traditionally, as local government and local leader, the city performs the mandate of the national government and delivers public goods and services to the citizens. However, the devolution requires the transfer of the national responsibility directly to the councils. Councilors lead, coordinate, manage, direct the people, and guide them toward a higher standard of living (S chwarz 1983). Strategic planning, that is usually done at the national level is now their routine. The citizens also have easy access to their representatives and equal access to the goods and services even have direct access to participate in the public policy process.As a mercantilist government, the citizens are still the customers and the clients are the minority groups or the stakeholders, who, after the reform, have better access to the City officials through the councils.

Effect of Stimulus Uncertainty Essay Example for Free

Effect of Stimulus Uncertainty Essay Participants The participants of the card sort experiment, were twenty-one psychology students enrolled in psychology 213W. Four of the students were male and seventeen of the remaining students were female. Students participated in this experiment to satisfy a course requirement. Setting The experiment took place in room 337, the experimental psychology lab room in the science building of Queens College, CUNY. Materials The participants used a standard deck of playing cards, which had 52 cards in four suits. Participants used cellular devices with 1 second precision, as time keeping devices and a pencil or black or blue ink pen to record data on a piece of paper. The internet based program VassarStats was used to calculate the T-Tests. Experimental Design A within-subject counterbalanced experimental design was used for this study (ABBA). In this design, each participant received each condition and served as his or her own control. The independent variable in this experiment was the method of sorting; condition A was a 2-sort alternative and condition B was a 4 sort alternative. The dependent variable in this experiment was the change in the response time, which was measured in seconds. Response time was the time it took the participant to sort all cards into corresponding piles, until the last card is on the table and no longer in the hand of the participant. The Null hypothesis in this study was the differing levels of the independent variable will produce no change in the dependent variable. The alternative hypothesis was the changes in the independent variable would result in changes of the dependent variable. Procedure The twenty-one participants divided into groups of two, because there was an odd number, there was a group of three. When groups were settled into their cubicles, one participant counted the cards, to make sure the deck contained 52 cards. Once the participant finished counting, cards such as joker and informational cards were taken out. The cards were than shuffled, three times, for randomization. Before the experiment could start, one student would take on the role as a participant and the other as the time keeper. The time keeper used their cellular device to time all 4 trials. Before the experiment could begin, the students counted the cards, to make sure that there were 52 cards. After counting the cards, a student used the bridge method to shuffle the cards. Each trial began when the time keeper said â€Å"go!† For all four trials, the experimenter timed the participant once he/she began sorting the cards and stopped the time once the participants hand was no longer hold ing the last card. Trial 1 (A), included the participant holding the deck of cards face down , and he/she must sort the deck of card into 2 piles, one pile being a black suit pile and the other a red suit pile. In between the trials, the experimenter (also the time keeper) shuffled the cards. Trail 2 (B), again, holding the deck of cards, face down, the participant is asked to sort the cards into 4 piles this time, one for each suit; diamonds, clubs, spades, hearts. Once Trial 3 (B) is finished, the cards are shuffled again and handed to the participant. Trial 4(A), is a repeat of trial 1, the participants had to separate the deck of card into 2 groups, by alternative color. For each trial, the participant was timed as to how long it took them to complete the sorting, for each trial. The results were recorded on a piece of paper. Once all four trials were completed the experimenter and the participants switched roles. The procedure was repeated for the new participant. After the data was collected, the groups, calculated their means. Results Sorting by color (M(mean)=48.33 seconds) was significantly faster then sorting by suit (M(mean)=66.43 seconds). The results were significant at t(-11.78), with p.0001. Figure 1 shows the means of the 2 sort groups and the 4 sort groups. The participants were able to sort the cards in condition A significantly faster than condition B. Therefore, we accept the alternative hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis. Figure Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1 The Y-Axis represents the averages of the groups. The X-axis shows the two types of sorting methods. Group means were lower for the color sort (2 sort), than for the suit sort (4 sort).

African American History in the Poems of Langston Hughes Essay

African American History in the Poems of Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was an African American poet who was one of the first black voices to be heard in America. He was distinct among his contemporaries with his writing about the blacks' experiences and history. His pride of his race and history was apparent in most of his works. In his poem, "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" his pride of his history and civilization is apparent by the repetition of the pronoun "I" in most of the lines. He is proud that his roots go back to the ancient civilizations which where associated with the great Rivers of Asia and Africa namely the Euphrates, the Nile and the Congo. Hughes repeats, "I've known rivers" which indicates the connection of black people with the beginning of human history. He also repeats, "My soul has grown deep like the rivers" which suggests the wisdom that is related to rivers; it also suggests that his soul bears the imprint of the sufferings of slavery and racism. The poem implies the whole history of African Americans' slavery without mentioning the word itself. He narrates this history from the beginning of time, when he "bathed in the Euphrates" and "built [his] hut near the Congo" as he was living a normal life. Then he "looked upon the Nile and raised the Pyramids above it", as the building of the Pyramids was the act of slaves. Then "Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans", this precise line implies the blacks' history of slavery in America. It tells of existence of the slavery for a long period in America and of the efforts to abolish it, which ended by the Civil War in 1865 and Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation for freeing the slaves. Therefore, it is the history of people who were fr... ... "Dreams". Since dreams are the first step in any act, then black people have to dream in order to gain their freedom which is symbolized here by the" bird". He also hints in the poem at the oppression of white people to blacks. He considers America a "barren field" that is devoid of warm feelings and mercy. This" barren field" is" frozen with snow"; this symbolizes the white people who practise all sorts of oppression on the black race. Thus, it is evident that Langston Hughes in his poetry aimed at sending a message to the audience who most of them were whites. He was telling them about the history and civilization of the African Americans. He was speaking of the blacks' sufferings from slavery, discrimination and racism. He was aiming at showing his pride of his black ancestry and the contributions of the black people to the American civilization. African American History in the Poems of Langston Hughes Essay African American History in the Poems of Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was an African American poet who was one of the first black voices to be heard in America. He was distinct among his contemporaries with his writing about the blacks' experiences and history. His pride of his race and history was apparent in most of his works. In his poem, "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" his pride of his history and civilization is apparent by the repetition of the pronoun "I" in most of the lines. He is proud that his roots go back to the ancient civilizations which where associated with the great Rivers of Asia and Africa namely the Euphrates, the Nile and the Congo. Hughes repeats, "I've known rivers" which indicates the connection of black people with the beginning of human history. He also repeats, "My soul has grown deep like the rivers" which suggests the wisdom that is related to rivers; it also suggests that his soul bears the imprint of the sufferings of slavery and racism. The poem implies the whole history of African Americans' slavery without mentioning the word itself. He narrates this history from the beginning of time, when he "bathed in the Euphrates" and "built [his] hut near the Congo" as he was living a normal life. Then he "looked upon the Nile and raised the Pyramids above it", as the building of the Pyramids was the act of slaves. Then "Abe Lincoln went down to New Orleans", this precise line implies the blacks' history of slavery in America. It tells of existence of the slavery for a long period in America and of the efforts to abolish it, which ended by the Civil War in 1865 and Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation for freeing the slaves. Therefore, it is the history of people who were fr... ... "Dreams". Since dreams are the first step in any act, then black people have to dream in order to gain their freedom which is symbolized here by the" bird". He also hints in the poem at the oppression of white people to blacks. He considers America a "barren field" that is devoid of warm feelings and mercy. This" barren field" is" frozen with snow"; this symbolizes the white people who practise all sorts of oppression on the black race. Thus, it is evident that Langston Hughes in his poetry aimed at sending a message to the audience who most of them were whites. He was telling them about the history and civilization of the African Americans. He was speaking of the blacks' sufferings from slavery, discrimination and racism. He was aiming at showing his pride of his black ancestry and the contributions of the black people to the American civilization.

Normative and Descriptive Approaches

Decision making can be very difficult when both choices are very appealing. We are faced with many decisions daily and have to make sure we choose the right one. Ethics play a major role in decision making. It allows moral philosophy to play its part. It gives you the freedom to choose right from wrong. In this paper you will be introduced to normal and descriptive ethics. You will be given a definition, a contrast, how the approaches may impact the criminal justice professional, how the approaches are similar and vary, and which approach you feel is best and why. Normative ethics is the branch of philosophical ethics that investigates the set of questions that arise when we think about the question â€Å"how ought one act, morally speaking? † Normative ethics can be divided into the sub-disciplines of moral theory and applied ethics. In recent years the boundaries between these sub-disciplines have increasingly been dissolving as moral theorists become more interested in appl ied problems and applied ethics is becoming more profoundly philosophically informed. Normative ethics is distinct from meta-ethics because it examines standards for the rightness and wrongness of actions, while meta-ethics studies the meaning of moral language and the metaphysics of moral facts. † (Wikipedia. org) This approach is similar to how religious people view their God. They say that God gives the individual the choice to choose what’s right and wrong. Christians also believe that Adam and Eve utilized the power of what’s right and wrong. They were given the descriptive approach by God and they chose otherwise. For any act, there are three things that might be thought to be morally interesting: first, there is the agent, the person performing the act; second, there is the act itself; third, there are the consequences of the act. There are three types of normative ethical theory–virtue, deontological, and consequentiality, each emphasizing one of these elements. †(moralphilosophy. info) â€Å"Descriptive ethics, also known as comparative ethics, is the study of people's beliefs about morality. Descriptive ethics is a form of empirical research into the attitudes of individuals or groups of people. Those working on descriptive ethics aim to uncover people's beliefs about such things as values, which actions are right and wrong, and which characteristics of moral agents are virtuous. Research into descriptive ethics may also investigate people's ethical ideals or what actions societies condemn or punish in law or politics. Because descriptive ethics involves empirical investigation, it is a field that is usually investigated by those working in the fields of evolutionary biology, psychology, sociology or anthropology. Information that comes from descriptive ethics is, however, also used in philosophical arguments. Normative ethics is also distinct from descriptive ethics, as the latter is an empirical investigation of people’s moral beliefs. To put it another way, descriptive ethics would be concerned with determining what proportion of people believe that killing is always wrong, while normative ethics is concerned with whether it is correct to hold such a belief. Hence, normative ethics is sometimes said to be prescriptive, rather than descriptive. However, on certain versions of the meta-ethical view called moral realism, moral facts are both descriptive and prescriptive at the same time. † (Wikipedia. org) â€Å"Descriptive ethics deal with what the population actually believes to be right and wrong, and holds up as ideals or condemns or punishes in law or politics, as contrasted to normative ethics which deals with what the population should believe to be right and wrong, and such concepts as sin and evil. Society is usually balancing the two in some way, and sociology and social psychology are often concerned with the balance, and more clinical assessments and instruments to determine ethical attitudes. † (knowledgerush. com) A criminal justice professional has morals they must abide by to make the right decision. They must know what’s right and wrong, and know how to distinguish the two. Normative ethics impacts criminal justice professionals by allow them to show the criminal to see that what they have done is wrong. It also allows the criminal justice professional to coach the criminal on the consequences of their actions and ways to prevent another offense. Descriptive ethics impacts criminal justice professionals by allowing them to do the norm against the population. They are trying to establish criminal justice when the population may see that all criminals should be punished. I feel that the normative approach to ethics is the best approach. This approach allows one to make his own decision and not follow what everyone is saying. Everyone should be able to make his or her own decision whether it is right or wrong. If you make the right decision, then you reap good things, and if you make the wrong decisions, you reap bad things. The approaches are similar because they stress the value of what’s right and wrong. It shows that a decision have to be made whether it’s right or wrong. They vary because one allows the individual to make the decision of right and wrong, and the other allows the population to dictate what’s right or wrong not giving the individual to make the ethical decision. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normative_ethics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive_ethics

Organizational Structure Presentation Annotated Bibliography Essay

An organizational structure defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. It can also be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment. Organizational Structure Presentation Annotated Bibliography Buchbinder, S.B., & Shanks, N.H. (2012). Introduction to health care management (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. In Organizational Behavior and Management Thinking is the overview of organizational behavior in health care. It identify how perceptions, thinking, mental models, and other thinking patterns play out in organizational life. It help managers with communication, problem solving, and decision making solely relying on the managers training. Employees are key to an organization’s success, how well the manager interacts and works with a variety of individuals is key to a manager’s success. A manager who is skilled in organizational behavior will be able to work effectively with employees and colleagues across the organization, assisting and influencing them to support and achieve organization goals. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Promoting Quality: The Health-Care Organization from a Management Perspective. Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/568115_4 Total quality management projects have traditionally existed within hospital management administrative teams, while clinical care was a guarded realm of healthcare professionals. In an organizational and management structures that support the design and implementation of quality-improvement initiatives and create mechanisms for accountability for quality of care. Healthcare organizations are constantly evolution, so organizational design should be considered a  variable and evolving tool for improving organizational performance. Healthcare delivery system in the 20th century are adopting a functional model based functional area various clinical departments, nursing, laboratory services that has a manager that reports to higher management levels and eventually to the hospital’s chief executive officer. Doucette, C. (2014). Internal and External Factors that Affect an Organization. In Small Business Chronicle. Retrieved August 1, 2015, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/internal-external-factors-affect-organization-16641.html The article explain how the structure is an internal factor that impacts your organization on an everyday basis. Improving the internal and external factors effects the culture of your organization by using interpersonal relationships, providing training materials, newsletters, philosophical statements and policies will help you employees to strive to achieve their goals. The author show how the lack of effective communication among the internal and external department can hinder the growth of your organization. She explain that your stockholder, investor, and consumer are affected when lack of communication impacts your organization image and possibly putting your organization out of business. Being that she is owns and operate a small business give insight on how to keep your from failing. Pizzini, W. (2002). The role of management control systems in health care organizations. Business Administration, Accounting Health Sciences, Health Care Management. Retrieved August 1, 2015, from http://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI3043938 The efficacy of management control systems (MCS) in containing health care organizations’ costs with healthcare cost on a steady rise it is necessary. From the standpoint of the organization financial mangers the ultimate goal is the decrease the cost while still maintaining quality care the patients while implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) programs and/or new cost systems. As financial managers you are held responsible to upper management to achieve financial targets that contribute to the overall profitability of the corporation. Neira, M. (n.d.). Preventing disease through healthy environments. World Health Organization. Retrieved August 1, 2015, from http://www.who.int/quantifying_ehimpacts/publications/prevdisexecsume.pdf?ua=1

The top-paying cities for teachers

The top-paying cities for teachers Whether you’re a teacher or not, you’ve likely heard some variation on the theme of â€Å"teachers are underpaid.† Given what all that they do and the power that they hold over the education of children, teens, and adults alike, this is a very true statement- especially when you factor in all of the unpaid hours of prep and care that go into a teaching career outside of the classroom. But while teachers will always be comparatively underpaid in a world where Kardashians get multi-million-dollar endorsement deals, the good news is that if you are a teacher, you can seek out regions and cities with higher-paying opportunities. Teacher salaries can vary pretty widely across states- according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the highest-paid 10 percent of high school teachers earn more than $92,920, while the lowest-paid 10 percent of high school teachers earn $38,180. For reference, the national median annual salary for secondary teachers is $58,030. And whil e pay isn’t necessarily the only consideration as you plan (or advance) your career as an educator, having this information at your disposal can help you make the best career decision for yourself- or at least help set expectations.Let’s look at teacher pay across the country, by region.The NortheastIncludes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and VermontIn terms of teacher salaries, the Northeast is the top region in the entire country. This region features some of the highest teacher salaries in the nation, holding four of the top ten national cities in WalletHub’s most recent annual â€Å"Best Worst States for Teachers† rankings. However, these states also have a higher cost of living- particularly in the highest paying states: New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Connecticut.Here are the median annual teacher salaries by state in the Northeast, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics :New York: $81,410Connecticut: $76,260New Jersey: $75,250Massachusetts: $74,040Rhode Island: $65,490Pennsylvania: $64,320New Hampshire: $57,570Vermont: $56,670Maine: $52,410According to WalletHub, these states also rank high in other quality of life categories for teachers, such as â€Å"opportunity and competition† for teaching jobs, as well as academics and work environment. New York, the first-place state for teachers overall, is also ranked the best in terms of opportunity, and is in the top ten for academics and work environment.For secondary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Nassau County, New York – $99,090Kingston, New York – $86,470Danbury, Connecticut – $83,890New York City – $83,660Leominster-Gardiner, Massachusetts – $82.630For elementary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Nassau County, New York – $106,970Kingston, New York – $86,0 80Waterbury, Connecticut – $82,080Danbury, Connecticut – $81,450Brockton, Massachusetts – $79,640All of these cities have annual teacher salaries that are well above the national median- and in some parts of New York (particularly New York City and Long Island), nearly double the national median.The SouthIncludes Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington D.C., and West VirginiaIf you’re looking at living and teaching in the South, there’s some good news and some less-great news. The good news is that national teaching shortages are leaving open many teaching opportunities in the region. The less-great news is that as a region, the South features some of the lowest teacher salaries in the nation- well below the national median.Here are the median annual teacher salaries by state in the South, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics:Maryland – $63,770Virginia – $62,940Washington, D.C. – $61,610Delaware – $58,260Georgia – $55.640Texas – $55.030Kentucky – $53,860South Carolina – $50,470Alabama – $49,870Tennessee – $49.770Florida – $49,550Arkansas – $48,870Louisiana – $48,560West Virginia – $44,480North Carolina – $44,410Mississippi – $42,860Oklahoma – $40,780On the WalletHub ranking of best states for teachers, two southern states make the top 20: Kentucky and Texas. Both of these states are slightly below the national median, salary-wise, but get high marks for opportunity and low competition for teaching jobs.For secondary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Washington D.C./Arlington/Alexandria, Virginia – $73,310Silver Spring/Frederick, Maryland – $72,130Myrtle Beach, South Carolina – $65,450Charlottesville, Virginia â₠¬â€œ $65,030Jackson, Mississippi – $62,760For elementary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Washington D.C./Arlington/Alexandria, Virginia – $75,590Silver Spring/Frederick, Maryland – $65,940Houston, Texas – $58,510Athens, Georgia – $58,360Richmond, Virginia – $58,170In the South, the key to finding the best teacher salaries seems to be in densely populated areas, like the northern Virginia/Washington D.C. area, and large cities like Houston.The MidwestIncludes Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and WisconsinSecond only to the Northeast, the Midwest has a number of states featured prominently in WalletHub’s survey, with Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, and Iowa making the top 20. The Midwest also ranks well on the teacher opportunity scale, with Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Minnesota, Ohio, Indiana, and Iowa in that top 20 as well.Here are the median annual teacher salaries by state in the Midwest, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics:Illinois – $66,470Michigan – $60,790Minnesota – $60,750Ohio – $58,700Wisconsin – $55,800Iowa – $54,290Nebraska – $54,240Indiana – $50,360North Dakota – $47,910Kansas – $47,900Missouri – $44,710South Dakota – $42,270As you can see, about a third of the states in this region match the national median salary for teachers.For secondary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Mankato, Minnesota – $84,550Rockford, Illinois – $79,090Chicago, Illinois – $75,750Milwaukee, Wisconsin – $65,740Detroit, Michigan – $65,320For elementary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Rockford, Illinois – $77,160Detroit, Michigan – $67,220Elgin, Illinois – $66,340F lint, Michigan – $65,870Grand Rapids, Michigan – $64,980Cleveland, Ohio – $64,480The areas with the highest salaries in the Midwest are not necessarily the big cities themselves, but rather large suburban districts just outside the big cities.The WestIncludes Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and WyomingAnd last but certainly not least, we have the Western parts of the United States. The region is highly diverse geographically and population-wise, and their teaching career stats are no different.Here are the median annual teacher salaries by state in the Midwest, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics:Alaska – $79,400California – $75,060Washington – $64,850Oregon – $63,730Wyoming – $58,480Hawaii – $57,900Utah – $56,070Nevada – $55,450New Mexico – $52,150Colorado – $50,790Montana – $49,930Arizona – $46,070 Idaho – $45,500That’s a pretty broad range from Alaska to Idaho, but outside of the Northeast, the West has the most states at or above the national median salary for teachers. On the WalletHub survey of teachers’ quality of life in different states, four of these western states are ranked in the top 20 best states for teachers: Wyoming, Oregon, Utah, and California. However, in the list of top states for teacher opportunities and low competition for teaching jobs, that number grows to include six states in the top 20: Oregon, California, Nevada, Wyoming, Utah, and Alaska.For secondary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Fairbanks, Alaska – $92,110Anchorage, Alaska – $89,570Anaheim, California – $87,280Yuba City, California – $85,820Fresno, California – $81,130For elementary school teachers in this region, here are the highest-paid metropolitan areas:Fairbanks, Alaska – $110,420Ri verside, California – $81,320Modesto, California – $80,810Anaheim, California – $79,840Los Angeles/Long Beach, California – $75,800As you can see, the highest teacher salaries can be found Alaska’s largest cities. But while Alaska is tops on the salary scale, it ranks 48th on WalletHub’s survey of academics and work environment- so if you’re thinking about heading to a classroom way up north, it’s important to consider the teacher quality of life issues as well.Whether you’re a seasoned teacher looking for a change of scenery, or a future teacher trying out where to stake your career, we’re hoping that this salary info helps you make the most informed decision for your teaching career.